Sunday, January 3, 2010

四面佛 梵天(梵文:ब्रह्मा,Brahma)

source:http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/梵天http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahma

Brahma (Sanskritब्रह्माIAST:Brahmā) is the Hindu god (deva) of creation and one of the Trimurti, the others being Vishnu and Shiva.  Brahmā's consort isSaraswati, the goddess of learning. Brahmā is often identified with Prajapati, a Vedic deity.


梵天梵文ब्रह्माBrahma),俗称四面佛,是印度教的创造之神,与毗湿奴湿婆并称三相神。他的坐骑为孔雀,配偶为智慧女神辩才天


在泰国的梵天信仰,华人称之四面佛信仰,据说有保佑人间富贵吉祥的功能,在东南亚地区有非常多信众。



At the beginning of the process of creation, Brahmā created eleven Prajapatis (used in another sense), who are believed to be the fathers of the human race. The Manusmriti enumerates them as MariciAtriAngirasPulastyaPulahaKratujVashishtaPracetas orDakshaBhrigu, and Narada[citation needed]. He is also said to have created the seven great sages or the Saptarishi to help him create the universe. However since all these sons of his were born out of his mind rather than body, they are called Manas Putras or mind-sons or spirits.
Within Vedic and Puranic scripture Brahmā is described as only occasionally interfering in the affairs of the other devas (gods), and even more rarely in mortal affairs. He did force Soma to give Tara back to her husband, Brihaspati. He is considered the father ofDharma and Atri.




在宇宙创造之时,梵天创造了十一位生主,据信是人类的祖先。《摩奴法典》说他们分别是Marici、Atri、Angiras、Pulastya、Pulaha、Kratuj、Vashishta、Pracetas、Daksha、Bhrgu以及Narada[来源请求]。他也创造了七位圣哲(Saptarishi),共同协助宇宙之创造。但由于他所创造的生主和圣哲都是从他的精神而非肉体生出来的,因此他们被称为“心灵之子”。


梵天的传统形象乃四颗头、四张脸以及四只手臂.



四只手臂:象征东、西、南、北四个方向,也象征心灵(右后方手臂)、智慧(左后方手臂)、自我(右前方手臂)、自信(左前方手臂)。
吠陀经:象征知识。
黄金:象征活跃在宇宙中,而金脸则代表梵天在创造宇宙时是处于活跃状态的。
天鹅:象征辨别力,是梵天的座骑。
王冠:象征最高地位。
莲花:象征自然与宇宙中所有存在。
胡须:黑色或白色的胡须象征智慧,而长须则象征智慧的永恒成长。
四张脸:四部《吠陀经》。


According to the Puranas, Brahma is self-born (without mother) in the lotus flower which grew from the navel of Vishnu at the beginning of the universe. This explains his name Nabhija (born from the navel). Another legend says that Brahmā was born in water. In this he deposited a seed that later became the golden egg. From this golden egg, Brahma the creator was born, asHiranyagarbha. The remaining materials of this golden egg expanded into the Brahm-anda or Universe. Being born in water, Brahmā is also called Kanja (born in water). Brahmā is said also to be the son of the Supreme Being, Brahman, and the female energy known as Prakrti or Maya.
The image depiction displaying the connection by lotus between Bramha and Vishnu can also be taken as a symbolism for the primordial fetus and primordial placenta. The placenta is generated upon conception, but only the fetus continues into the world afterwards. Likewise, Bramha is involved in creation, but Vishnu continues thereafter.